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Scholars across the social sciences, including in the studies of institutions and policy, have found useful various elements of evolutionary and complexity research. Though sharing the same worldview, these streams of research emp...
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Scholars across the social sciences, including in the studies of institutions and policy, have found useful various elements of evolutionary and complexity research. Though sharing the same worldview, these streams of research emphasize different aspects of change and lack a shared set of assumptions and tools. As a result, they remain largely disconnected. Inspired by innovation research and its novel theory of change in technological systems, this article aims to bridge these gaps and advance a unified view of policy change called the structure-in-evolution approach. The structure-in-evolution analysis accounts for both the dynamics and the structure of change by positing that policy systems, like other technological systems, evolve according to distinct patterns and exhibit complex and adaptive properties of such systems. This approach, the article argues, thus promises not only to integrate our understanding of evolutionary change but also a major leap forward in our ability to study and develop public policy.
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This paper aims to analyze the implications of the energy transition policies in Argentina and Brazil. The paper's goal is to illustrate that the two countries are undergoing a transformation of their energy systems toward greater...
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This paper aims to analyze the implications of the energy transition policies in Argentina and Brazil. The paper's goal is to illustrate that the two countries are undergoing a transformation of their energy systems toward greater diversification of the energy supply and probably, not a socially inclusive one. Based on data on national energy policies, the evolution of the energy supply mixes over the period 1990-2020, and access to electricity by the households at the national level, the paper offers a critical reading of how the two countries faced the challenges posed by the present process of energy system transformation. The paper adopts a political economy and political ecology perspective employing the notion of just energy transition (JET) to illustrate the contradictions and tensions of the latter approach analyzing quantitative data related to the transformation of the energy system and energy poverty in both Argentina and Brazil.
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Recent years have seen the emergence, take-up and use of the term 'policy mix' by innovation policy makers and by policy analysts and scholars alike. Imported from economic policy debates, the term implies a focus on the interacti...
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Recent years have seen the emergence, take-up and use of the term 'policy mix' by innovation policy makers and by policy analysts and scholars alike. Imported from economic policy debates, the term implies a focus on the interactions and interdependencies between different policies as they affect the extent to which intended policy outcomes are achieved. However the meaning of the term remains ambiguous. Nonetheless, we argue that the emergence of the 'policy mix' concept into common use in the field of innovation policy studies provides us with a window of opportunity to reconsider some basic and often hidden assumptions in order to better deal with a messy and complex, multi-level, multi-actor reality. We draw upon a range of literatures to re-conceptualise the basic building blocks of innovation policy studies in order to arrive at a useful definition of'policy mix' tensions and interactions of different kinds across a series of dimensions. We suggest that this reconceptualisation has important implications for the future scope and focus of prescriptive and analytical innovation policy studies.
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This paper brings together recent conceptual and empirical contributions, to provide new analytical foundations of systemic public policies for the transition towards the green economy. In particular, by acknowledging the inherent...
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This paper brings together recent conceptual and empirical contributions, to provide new analytical foundations of systemic public policies for the transition towards the green economy. In particular, by acknowledging the inherent complexity of system dynamics, the paper argues that the green transformation of the economies can be conceptualized as the outcome of an emergent system property. In this context, the paper highlights the difficulties related to the development of an integrated framework of policy instruments and the necessity to take into account their mutual interaction in the effort of favoring sustainable transition. Some examples of possible contrasting effects between policies that are crucial for sustaining the transition towards the green economy: innovation policy, environmental and energy policies, and labor policies are discussed. Finally, the paper elaborates on the concept of Green Transition System, suggesting the importance of activating learning and adaptive mechanisms involving private agents, stakeholders, policy makers and scholars interested and involved in the transition process.
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This paper addresses two fundamental issues that arise broadly in human response to natural hazards: the effect on overall costs of the high variability (power laws) in event size statistics and complexities associated with combin...
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This paper addresses two fundamental issues that arise broadly in human response to natural hazards: the effect on overall costs of the high variability (power laws) in event size statistics and complexities associated with combining disparate sources of information in decision-making. To address these issues in a series of concrete scenarios, we analyse data for California wildfires. We also develop a modelling framework that projects costs based on the combination of a dynamic fire spread model, an economic cost model and population data. Our study uses model-generated fire catalogues to estimate the effect of suppression strategies on fire size, and our cost function incorporates both suppression costs and loss of assets. Together, these yield statistical estimates of the average economic impact of fire response policies. Tradeoffs between resource costs and assets at risk determine the optimal response for an individual fire. We also compare the costs of different policies for division of limited resources between multiple fires using scenarios motivated by the 2003 and 2007 California wildfire seasons.Digital Object Identifier http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/WF11140
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More than ever our planet requires new approaches, effective policies and innovative tools to better manage and protect our natural resources and the services they provide. The challenge we face is to create future where the econo...
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More than ever our planet requires new approaches, effective policies and innovative tools to better manage and protect our natural resources and the services they provide. The challenge we face is to create future where the economy interacts sustainably with the environment and where people's welfare and well being is considered along economic, environmental, social and cultural aspects. Today's complex and inter- connected issues greatly benefit from integrating information and knowledge from different disciplines to achieve enduring outcomes. Integrated spatial planning is a concept that makes use of enhanced knowledge and vastly improved technologies to explore development scenarios in a world of finite resources and to yisualise trade-offs along the way.This paper discusses three key elements of spatial planning and illustrates their practical application using examples from New Zealand. A recently developed Integrated Spatial Decision Support System (WISE) is described and its potential use for place--based planning and decision-making discussed. The paper concludes with some lessons learnt and ideas for a 'way forward'.
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By some accounts, invasive species pose the second greatest threat to global biodiversity after habitat destruction. In addition to their ecological impacts, invasive species cause a wide range of economic and social damages. In r...
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By some accounts, invasive species pose the second greatest threat to global biodiversity after habitat destruction. In addition to their ecological impacts, invasive species cause a wide range of economic and social damages. In recent years, scholars and policy officials have called for recalibration of U.S. invasive species policy, with some advocating a tightly integrated policy regime addressing a broad spectrum of activity, including predictive assessment of invasion pathways, prevention of introduction and spread, control of established populations, eradication of selected populations, and establishment of high-level coordination bodies. In this paper, I draw upon the policy integration literature and apply a regime construct to review the proposition that the existing mix of U.S. invasive species policies can and should be more tightly integrated. By way of conclusion, I suggest that the current policy mix is not exhausted and recommend a program evaluation process framed to characterize and assess factors and conditions that might influence the comparative effectiveness of strategic alternatives to integration, such as coping and taming.
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It is time to imagine a new policy sciences. The policymaking world has moved on since its first design. So too has our understanding of it. The original policy sciences were contextualized, problem-oriented, multi-method, and foc...
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It is time to imagine a new policy sciences. The policymaking world has moved on since its first design. So too has our understanding of it. The original policy sciences were contextualized, problem-oriented, multi-method, and focused on using scientific research towards the realization of greater human dignity. We introduce a new policy sciences that builds on such aims. We describe the need for realistic depictions of 'rational' and 'irrational' choice, multiple theories to portray the multifaceted nature of complex contexts, and the combination of applied and basic research. To set this new agenda, we build on two foundational strategies: identifying advances in the psychology of decision-making and describing how policy theories depict policymaking psychology in complex contexts.
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Most concepts of environmental policy do not consider adequately the complexity of nature and society. While neoclassical economics seems to fall into the trap of steering illusion, evolutionary economic concepts that consider soc...
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Most concepts of environmental policy do not consider adequately the complexity of nature and society. While neoclassical economics seems to fall into the trap of steering illusion, evolutionary economic concepts that consider societal complexity are too optimistic about the favours of laissez-faire. A coevolutionary perspective may combine both: it may consider the complexity of societal processes as well as environmental constraints. As an example for a coevolutionary strategy, the dematerialization approach illustrates how environmental policy can handle the two problems of complexity.
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